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Chemical Structure and Physical Properties of Biotinoyl Tripeptide-1

 Biotinoyl Tripeptide-1 is a synthetic peptide widely used in hair and lash care formulations. It combines a vitamin moiety with a short peptide chain to enhance biological activity and stability.

Chemical Structure of Biotinoyl Tripeptide-1

Basic Composition

Biotinoyl Tripeptide-1 is composed of:

Biotin (Vitamin B7) – a lipophilic vitamin

Tripeptide-1 sequence – typically:

  • Glycine (Gly)
  • Histidine (His)
  • Lysine (Lys)

Full structure: Biotin–Gly–His–Lys (Biotinyl-GHK)

Chemical Structure and Physical Properties of Biotinoyl Tripeptide-1

Structural Features

Peptide bonds link the three amino acids (–CO–NH–)

Amide linkage connects biotin to the N-terminus of the peptide

Contains:

  • Amine groups (–NH₂)
  • Carboxyl groups (–COOH)
  • Imidazole ring (from histidine)
  • Long valeric acid side chain (from biotin)

Molecular Information

  • INCI Name: Biotinoyl Tripeptide-1
  • Molecular Formula: ~C₂₄H₃₈N₈O₆S
  • Molecular Weight: ~566–575 Da (varies slightly by salt form)

Physical Properties of Biotinoyl Tripeptide-1

Appearance

  • White to off-white powder
  • Sometimes supplied as a clear aqueous solution

Solubility

Water-soluble (due to peptide portion)

Slight amphiphilic character:

  • Hydrophilic peptide
  • Lipophilic biotin moiety

This dual nature improves skin and follicle penetration


Stability

Stable under:

  • Neutral to slightly acidic pH (≈ 4.0–7.0)

Sensitive to:

  • Strong acids/bases
  • High temperatures
  • Enzymatic degradation (proteases)

pH Range (Formulation)

  • Optimal: pH 4.5 – 6.5

Storage Conditions

Store:

  • In a cool, dry place
  • Protected from light
  • Often refrigerated for long-term stability

Functional Physicochemical Characteristics

Molecular Size

  • Small peptide → good bioavailability in topical applications

Charge Properties

Zwitterionic behavior depending on pH:

  • Histidine can be protonated/deprotonated
  • Lysine is positively charged at physiological pH

Hygroscopicity

  • Slightly hygroscopic (absorbs moisture)

Cosmetic-Relevant Properties

Compatible with:

  • Water-based serums
  • Emulsions
  • Hair tonics

Often used at:

  • 0.001% – 0.1% concentration
Chemical Structure and Physical Properties of Biotinoyl Tripeptide-1

Summary

Biotinoyl Tripeptide-1 is a biotinylated signaling peptide (GHK) with:

  • A hybrid structure (vitamin + peptide)
  • Good water solubility and stability in mild conditions
  • Favorable skin/hair penetration characteristics
  • Functional groups enabling biological activity and formulation flexibility

If you want, I can also provide:

  • Structural diagram (2D/3D visualization)
  • Synthesis pathway (solid-phase peptide synthesis)
  • Spectral data (MS, HPLC, NMR)
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